Similarities between Two Hawthorne Works - Literature Essay Samples

Some authors experiment with various styles and techniques throughout their literary career, with distinct differences between various works. This is not true in the case of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hawthorne displays striking similarities in style and content in his works. Such similarities can be displayed between The Scarlet Letter and Young Goodman Brown. Both works display Hawthorne’s view on human nature, utilize setting as a character, and contain a fallible clergy member. Analysis of these works will bring similarities to light.HUMAN NATURENathaniel Hawthorne’s view on human nature was not an optimistic one. In fact, nearly all of his works display an extremely dark and dismal view of human nature. Hawthorne himself describes The Scarlet Letter as â€Å"a tale of human frailty and sorrow† (2). Indeed, The Scarlet Letter demonstrates a fragile view of human existence, both physically and spiritually. Many of the characters in this work suffer from internal an d/or external ailments that promote Hawthorne’s dismal view of humanity, and contradict a â€Å"beautiful† view of human nature.To begin, an example of human frailty in The Scarlet Letter can be seen in various physical ailments plaguing various characters within the story. Roger Chillingworth is one such character. From his introduction in chapter three it is made clear that this man suffers a deformity. It is said that â€Å"one of this man’s shoulder rose higher than the other† (Hawthorne 51). Chillingworth himself admits that he realizes he is ugly and â€Å"misshapen from [his] birth hour† (Hawthorne 61). Obviously, Chillingworth’s deformity serves as a physical representation of the ugliness of human nature, but this deformity has a deeper meaning. Due to the instability in Roger’s shoulders, his body appears twisted and hideous. However, looking beyond the surface the reader can deduce that Roger’s soul is just as twiste d. Chillingworth is bent on revenge, and blatantly proclaims when he tells Hester, â€Å"His fame, his position, his life, will be in my hands. Beware!† (Hawthorne 63). This statement makes it clear that Chillingworth is an evil man, again reinforcing the darkness of human nature. Indeed, whenever Chillingworth is mentioned the color black appears, and Hawthorne even calls Roger â€Å"either Satan himself, or Satan’s emissary, in the guise of old Roger Chillingworth† (101). Consequently, the entire character of Chillingworth displays a dark and twisted aspect of human nature, with very little evidence of any beauty.Dimmesdale’s characterization can also evidence the frailty of the human condition. Once again, physical symptoms reveal the inward condition of this man’s heart. As the story progresses, Dimmesdale begins to grow paler and weaker, and constantly clutches his heart. As it stands, this would satisfy the definition of frailty due to the ac tual physical feebleness Dimmesdale displays. However, the true infirmity lies in Dimmesdale’s heart. Since he cannot openly confess his sin like Hester, Dimmesdale lives with embedded guilt. This causes Dimmesdale sorrow, and he hints that he would much rather endure Hester’s punishment than his by telling Roger, â€Å"But still, methinks, it must needs be better for the sufferer to be free to show his pain, as this poor woman Hester is, than to cover it up in his heart (Hawthorne 107). While not displaying pure evil as Chillingworth does, Dimmesdale’s internal suffering is yet another manner in which Hawthorne portrays human nature as dark and frail.Young Goodman Brown also displays examples of such frailty. After his encounter with evil in the woods, Brown discovers that everyone he knows and loves has made some form of pact with the Devil, including his beloved Faith. Upon coming to this realization, Brown becomes sardonic and cynical, finding no solace i n the activities he previously enjoyed. Hawthorne states â€Å"A stern, a sad, a darkly meditative, a distrustful, if not a desperate man did he become from the night of that fearful dream† (n.p.). This is the ultimate example of â€Å"frailty and sorrow†, as Goodman Brown has let one night transform his entire existence. Brown himself loses all hope in human nature, and believes it to be absolutely evil at heart, once he realizes his dear Faith has been corrupted by the Devil. After his metamorphosis, Brown cannot listen to sermons with the same fervor as once before, and his relationships with others deteriorate. He then dies as a â€Å"hoary corpse† (Hawthorne n.p.) and is buried in an unadorned grave. These images support the idea that Hawthorne intended to portray the human existence as weak and full of sorrow.SETTING AS A CHARACTERAnother signature literary technique of Hawthorne’s is the use of setting as a silent character. The setting of Hawthorn e’s works impacts the lives of the characters tremendously, often complementing the conflicts between the characters. In this manner, setting affects the thoughts and emotions of the characters, and drives them to commit actions that they wouldn’t normally perform. Of all the settings presented in Hawthorne’s works, one stands out as having the most impact—the forest. In the novel, the forest is described as â€Å"vast and dismal† (Hawthorne 62). Puritans never ventured into this wilderness, as it was considered to be a location of unbridled evil, and even the home of the Devil himself. Interaction within the forest is usually foreboding for Hawthorne characters. As can be evidenced in both the novel and in Young Goodman Brown, characters venturing into the forest often return having committed grievous deeds.A major character interacting within the forest is Roger Chillingworth, widely considered to be an agent of evil within the novel. Roger emerg es from the forest when he first appears in the novel in Chapter 3, essentially emerging from the darkness. Roger becomes associated more clearly with darkness when he becomes enraptured by his quest to exact revenge upon Dimmesdale. It then makes sense that Roger would emerge from the purported dwelling place of the Devil, as eventually the people of Boston believe that Roger is either an agent of the Devil, or the Devil himself. To sum up, the setting of the forest complements the wicked nature of Roger’s character, as it directly connects him to what the Puritans would have considered to be a dwelling of darkness and evil.In addition to its appearance in The Scarlet Letter, the forest as a setting has a tremendous impact on the characters in Young Goodman Brown. Without this crucial setting, Brown’s entire plight would not have occurred, as would his pivotal change in personality. In essence, Brown’s journey to the forest is not merely a trip to some foreign locale, but rather a pact with the Devil himself. This is made evident in the very beginning of the story where Hawthorne calls Brown’s journey â€Å"his present evil purpose† (n.p.).From the beginning of the story, the morose nature of the forest is established. Goodman Brown is described as having â€Å"taken a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest† (Hawthorne n.p.). As the young pastor progresses into the forest, and prepares to commit his evil deed, he encounters more darkness. Hawthorne writes as if merely being in the forest drew Brown to commit evil, as he states that Brown entered â€Å"the heart of the dark wilderness, still rushing onward with the instinct that guides mortal men to evil† (n.p.). Eventually, this prediction comes true and Brown attends an evil Black Mass, filled with horrible â€Å"sounds of the benighted wilderness pealing in awful harmony together† (Hawthorne n.p.). This encounter will alter Brow n’s life permanently in an overwhelmingly negative manner. As such, one can evidence the importance of the forest on Young Goodman Brown’s entire life, and how this setting becomes a â€Å"silent character†.THE SIMILARITY BETWEEN YOUNG GOODMAN BROWN AND DIMMESDALEA final trademark of Hawthorne’s writing style is his use of similar characters throughout his various works. A prime example of this is the stark similarity between Arthur Dimmesdale and Young Goodman Brown. The foremost similarity between the two is that both characters are examples of flawed young clergymen who suffer dearly for their mistakes. In addition, both men exemplify that the Puritan clergy—held to an extremely high standard by parishioners of the day— are nonetheless human and perform the same sins as commoners. While Dimmesdale’s sin is that of fornication, and Brown’s is of worshiping the Devil, both begin to exhibit external signs of despair for their a ctions. According to the novel, Dimmesdale’s â€Å"form grew emaciated; his voice had a certain melancholy prophecy of despair in it† (Hawthorne 97). Likewise, after Brown emerged from the forest after his night of evil, he was said to have never been the same again. Hawthorne states how Brown transitioned from a kind-hearted pastor to a jaded and fearful man after that night. Likewise, both characters received retribution for their sinful actions—Dimmesdale through the pain caused by self-flagellation, and Brown through his paranoia and depression.Another similarity between the two pastors lies in the motivation for their actions. Both men were influenced heavily by women—Dimmesdale by Hester, and Brown by Faith. Evidence of this is more obvious for Dimmesdale, as being implicated as the co-adulterer it is very clear to see that his sin was motivated by passion for Hester. Brown however, is also influenced by Faith. As mentioned previously, his entire l ife is altered when he discovers that his â€Å"Faith is gone!† (Hawthorne n.p.). Consequently, a similarity can be drawn here between the two upstanding pastors who both had their lives ruined by a woman who they held dearly to their heart.In conclusion, Hawthorne exhibits a similar style throughout his entire cache of works. While each work has its own nuances, most all take place within the setting he had a personal connection to—Puritan New England. Likewise, his works all display similar elements such as the portrayal of a dark and dismal human nature, setting operating as a character, as well as similarities in characters. These elements act as a unifying force throughout the whole Hawthorne canon, and are recognized as distinctly Hawthorne. While all of Hawthorne’s works are similar, each one tells its own story, and offers yet another look into the lives of the early Puritans.â€Æ'Works CitedHawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. Boston: Prestwick House, 2005. Print.Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown. 1835. Web.

Help to write a Paper - Get Help With Your Writing!

Help to write a Paper - Get Help With Your Writing!If you are looking for some help with your writing, there are many different ways to find it. There are a few different places that offer you help writing a paper, but I will focus on a more personalized solution. There are several sites on the internet that have sample papers that you can study, and use as reference for your paper. After you have found your paper that is the best fit for you, you can give it a bit of help to make it better.One great solution to helping you with your paper is to learn the grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure of your target audience. These all come into play when you need to express yourself in writing. This makes it easy to understand and write for a group of people who share similar interests.A great way to help you with your writing is to create a list of your personal experiences and beliefs that will be important to you when writing. This way you can brainstorm and choose a topic based on those facts that you want to express.By creating this list, you will be able to write better in general. You will be able to create ideas and pull them together to form your statement. Having this information at hand will allow you to simplify your words and convey more ideas.Some people who feel that they need help with their writing don't need it. They tend to do it on their own, but a few pointers can go a long way.Make sure that you are using the proper spelling and grammar to make your writing good. If you can improve these elements, you can help make your paper better.If you find that you need some help with your writing, then the best way to get it is to find a writing tutoror academic consultant. They will give you one-on-one tuition to help you with your paper.

Problems in the Construction Industry - 1591 Words

Current Problems and Issues Faced in The Construction Industry It is quite obvious that the Construction industry is one of the most important industries in the world. Because of construction, we all live in homes, apartments, condominiums, and other living places that were created by construction. Most jobs are in buildings, which were also created by construction. Basically, the entire structural part of society was created by hard working construction workers. To give you a general idea of why the Construction industry is so important as a market, the annual construction spending internationally is estimated to be $2.3 trillion of which $1.2 trillion was spent in the US alone in 2006 and 2007. The construction industry does not†¦show more content†¦In an interview, I asked Guy Artigues, a local landscaping/construction company owner, what he has experienced with illegal immigrant workers, to which he replied, â€Å"Well, there are a lot of unhonest men out there who would do anything just to make a few extra bucks, I do a background check on everyone of our workers which takes care of that for the most part† (Artigues, Personal Interview). He went on to tell me that he was blessed to be in the position he was in because at one point his main competition was taken down by the government by condoning illegal immigrant laborers. Global Climate Change According to a Global Warming survey conducted in 2006, 35 percent of Americans believe that global warming is the most important environmental issue we face. That is a 24 percent rise since 2003 when only 11 percent agreed. 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Marketing Mix - 1452 Words

Marketing Mix Michael Anderson MKT/421 May 30, 2011 Gabriel Renero According to the text-book Marketing an Introduction â€Å"Guided by marketing strategy, the company designs an integrated marketing mix made up of factors under its control—product, price, place, and promotion to find the best marketing strategy and mix† (Armstrong amp; Kotler, 2009, p. 47). In order to understand the marketing mix one must describe the elements of the marketing mix, how each element is implemented, and describe how each one of the four elements of the marketing mix affects the development of a company such as Pepsi –Cola Company’s marketing strategy and tactics.†¦show more content†¦The Pepsi-Cola Company has 151 Pepsi-Cola brands, 43 Frito-Lay brands, seven Tropicana brands, 28 Quaker brands, and 49 Gatorade brands. Pepsi-Cola has spread worldwide because the way they have taken advantage of the place in marketing mix. 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The Scopes Trial One Of The Best American History

The Scopes Trial is one of the best in American history because it symbolizes the conflict between science and theology, faith and reason, individual liberty, and majority rule. This trial was to decide not only the fate of an evolution-teacher, but also to decide if traditionalists or modernists would rule American culture. An object of intense publicity, the trial was seen as a clash between urban sophistication and rural fundamentalism. On January 20, 1925, a Tennessee state senator named John A. Shelton proposed a bill to make it a felony, or a criminal act, to teach evolution in the state’s public schools. Fundamentalists had been supporting and pushing the passage of laws such as this, because the teaching of evolution and Darwinism contradicts the religious beliefs of creation in Christianity. Popular evangelist, Billy Sunday, undertook an eighteen-day crusade in Memphis in support of the prospective bill. 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The Knowledge Level Of Adolescent Girls About Reproductive...

1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS The guiding research questions for this study include the following:†¢What is the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues generally?†¢ What is their level of awareness concerning the existence of family planning services?†¢ Is there a link between the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues and the incidence of unsafe induced abortion?†¢ Is there a connection between their level of awareness about family planning services and their usage of these services?†¢Is there a link between the acknowledge of family planning services and unsafe induced abortion? 1.3 GENERAL AIM OF STUDY The general aim of this study is to assess the association between the sexual and reproductive health knowledge of adolescent girls and induced abortion in the study area. 1.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY This study therefore has as its objectives the following: 1. 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Humanism High Renaissance Essay Example For Students

Humanism: High Renaissance Essay Humanism is a philosophy that was born during the Renaissance, beginning in Florence in the last decades of the 14th century. The theory introduced new ways of thinking that allowed people to question and interpret the Bible anyway they wish. Prior to Humanism, people lived their lives under the impression that it was all to serve god. It wasnt until people began taking an interest in the work of Greek philosophers that true appreciation of human life became apparent. Humanism inspired people to believe that their life was meaningful and that they were capable of more than Just working to please God. The key principle of the theory was that human beings are not subject to God or any divine agency. They have no obligation to love, fear or obey any such supernatural agent. (Victor A. Gunrunners) When the importance of human life prevailed, there was no longer a strained religious perception of earth and society and this is when the freedom of art and self- expression truly took form. Art was no longer a way of glorifying God, but a way of showing individualism and creativity within ones self. The origins of Humanism can be found in the Golden Age of Greek Philosophy. Xenophobes (580 BCC) said, If cattle had hands and drew pictures of Gods, Gods would look like cows making it patent that Gods are of our own making. When Propagators (450 BCC) wrote, Man is the measure of all things, of things that are that they are, and of things that are not that they are not. he was accused of impiety and was banished for creating such freethinking sentiments that would be considered thoroughly unorthodox for his time. His words are metaphorical of us knowing the world by our own proportion, from our point of view. He crafted the idealistic principle of human perception that shaped the humanism philosophy we know today. Humanism was not limited to mental thoughts and ideas on the value of human life, but shown physically through a spectrum of art mediums. The theory shaped various aspects of Renaissance art including the content, style and subject matter of all art forms. During the middle ages, well before Humanism took form, art was notable for glorifying and praising God. During this time, all art was assigned from the church and so the subject matter consisted of mainly biblical themes, stories and characters. Within these paintings, man wasnt portrayed with anatomical accurateness, but as a mall, off scale and minor element next to a much larger religious figure. Within almost all of Middle Age artworks, biblical figures were seen is the most powerful and most important; and so they were made to look exceedingly larger than people or children, who were painted on a much smaller scale. The importance of these religious figures was also shown through height and placement within the picture. They were often painted higher than other figures, adding to the overall impersonal religious, people werent able to connect and view art for the purpose of enjoyment, but for worshiping a higher presence. Take the Assassination Madonna (1310) for example. The painter, Ghetto, depicts Mary and her son with saints surrounding them. Theyre portrayed as very large, while everyone else in the painting is very small. Neither of the two are life size nor are they anatomically accurate. However the most obvious aspect within the painting is the overstated size of the two most important biblical figures, Mary and Jesus. This was the conventional style of Middle Age art. The value of human life was never considered, nor was it illustrated through paintings or sculpture. During the late 14th century, Artists began looking at natural depictions of the world and ancient pagan culture. The notion of human form that characterized medieval art was supplanted with the concept of full anatomical accuracy. With the celebration of human life, precision of the human body within paintings and sculptures became a crucial part of depicting the realistic perception within art, one that was not justified by any singular religious context but ones desire for perfection. People began painting secular subjects and portraying man with the same importance that was used for religious figures within the Middle Ages. When the prominence of human life prevailed, people began taking an interest in the accurate portrayal of human characters. This provoked a range of pictorials to be created in parallel with the human form, reflecting the balanced and symmetrical form of the human body in art. Artists began creating precise proportions or the golden mean in order to establish symmetrical and harmonious composition within a varied spectrum of art mediums. The Golden Mean is the desirable middle between two extremes and is given the number Phi(= 1. 618033988749895 Commonly known as the divine proportion to Renaissance artists, the Golden Mean was used for atheistic appeal and balance within architecture, but was often used effectively for other visual art forms, such as nettings or sculptures. Collective to the Greek mentality, the golden mean was considered an attribute of beauty that included symmetry, proportion and harmony. The Golden Mean can be derived with a number of geometric constructions, ea ch of which divides a line segment at the unique point where: the ratio of the whole line (A) to the large segment (B) is the same as the ratio of the large segment (B) to the small segment (C). (http://www. Goldenberg. Net/golden-section/) Paintings, buildings and sculptures adapted and drew inspiration from classical roman trustees (a time when the Golden Mean was recognized To Greeks as dividing a line in the extreme and mean ratio) during the High Renaissance period in order to interlace the crucial ascetic appeal that was desired when Humanism was at great interest. High Renaissance style architecture conventionally begins with Donate Aberrant (1444-1514) who built the Temperate at S. Pitter in Monitor, Rome in 1510. The Temperate ;is an attempt at reconciling Christian and humanist ideals. With no David in (1501) is a perfect example of its boundless effect on accurately conveying the human body with precise proportions and measurements. Other works relating to Humanism included The Birth of Venus (1485), by Poetical. Prior to Humanism, the majority of art appeared two dimensional or flat. These artists were one of the first to begin adding vast details and highlighting the illusion of space, form and dimension in all art mediums. Combining these and taking into mind perspective (the notable technique of all Renaissance artworks) they ultimately crafted the image of humanist art; molding the backbone of the High Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci and Renaissance EssayThe picture has a decorative quality to it; not only does it showcase the substantial change in art during the High Renaissance, but its symbolic of a rich classical history, reinvention and an earthly world view. It is through The Birth of Venus, and many other High Renaissance paintings, where the true impact of Humanism is made clear. Artists would incorporate Greek and Roman mythology as apposed to writing and painting about biblical texts. This was because humanists turned to the classics for inspiration, and so these were often the themes of High Renaissance art. The inspiration of Greek Philosophers inspired those within this period to strive less for divinity. This painting is one of the many to depict Roman or Greek deities, other famous works include Mars and Venus and The School of Athens. One of the most outstanding changes during the High Renaissance period was Architecture. The statement that man is the measure of all things is mirrored within different art mediums, showing a great point of difference within humanist and non- humanist architecture. Humanism meant that architects built not only churches, but palaces and buildings exposing ideals of classical styles. Humanism gave people a chance to look for inspiration from ancient Greeks and thus buildings took influence from the Ancient Classic period. One of the highlights in High Renaissance Architecture is the Temperate, built in 1502 by Donate Aberrant. The building marks the crucifixion site of SST Peter and follows selected traditions from the Christian building the Martyr while employing classical principles that create a geometric ideal. Both ancient Greeks and ancient Romans employed the circular plan that governs the perception of the Temperate. The devotion to symmetrical perfection makes it clear of Brakemans conscious decision to recreate this in a way that is not only true to the humanist theory, but one that depicts the thoughts of the ancient roman writer Vitrifies, who studied and wrote about architecture and correct proportions within it. Aberrant is really following this line of thought with the Temperate. Hes created a radial building with a round structure that is very dissimilar to the traditional crucifix form of church, which is based on the ancient basilica. His work is considered almost nothing short of architectural brilliance, due to his innovative techniques at changing the orthodox designs of churches and buildings. The building is the perfect example of the relationship between ideal ancient geometry and the divine. Geometry was thought by the ancient Greeks and again later in the Renaissance to be a vehicle in which we can imagine the perfection of even. The Temperate is a building that truly celebrates Humanism. Its believed to show how man can produce exemplars on earth of the perfection of the heavenly, using correct geometrical structures and symmetrical portrayals. This is similar to that of the golden mean, while relating to the work of Michelangelo and Poetical, where Humanism was celebrated through the accurate portrayal of the human form. He drew inspiration from classical traditions while making his own original decisions to enhance the symmetrical nature of the Temperate. His work is similar to that of lassie origins, but he allowed for variation. Greek and Romans would not put pilaster that pairs with the columns of the building, however Aberrant did. By aligning the true columns with the false columns, he was able to maximize the radial quality and overall centrifugal theme of the building. The Temperate shows a rhythm, one that was definitely inspired by classical antiquity, the Doric Order in particular. The columns of the Temperate are a roman variant of the first level of the Coliseum. Depicting the styles of the Doric Order, there are triptychs and mottoes above the columns. Mitchell Bagley was literal when he wrote; The emphasis here is on the harmony of proportions, the simplicity of volumes (cylinder, hemisphere) and the sobriety of the Doric Order. The circular plan symbolizes divine perfection. Inspired by ancient temples, the Temperate is both a homage to antiquity and a Christian memorial. Humanism affect on architecture was one of the largest. Despite differing in architectural elements, different styles of columns were explored throughout all High Renaissance architecture, utilizing techniques that show proportion and highlighting themes of classical tradition. Nearly all buildings constructed after Humanism follow these principles and show a vivid influence of ancient Greek and Roman cultures. The Humanist movement allowed architects to make changes in what they were creating. They drew inspiration from classical architecture, traditions and even philosophies and refrigerated it within new architectural masterpieces that shaped the Humanist theory in many inconceivable ways. Alberta and Brutishnesss were a crucial aspect in the innovation of humanist architecture. They were no Greek philosophers, however they employed the idea of symmetrical excellence and inspired the creations of many renowned and prominent buildings including the Temperate itself. Many great architects of the high renaissance period such as Aberrant and Michelangelo were captivated by this idea and were thus able to shape traditions and techniques to produce the conventional high renaissance architecture style that were accustomed to today. Inclusive to classical traditions, architects began taking the beauty of human proportions and reflecting it through architecture, similar to the way humanist painters and sculptors depicted the human form with symmetrical perfection. Humanism was noted for 3 things. The revival of classical Greek/Roman art forms and styles, faith in the nobility of man as apposed to pure worship of religious or god-like figures; and finally the appreciation of the human body, that influenced almost all artists and architects of the era to portray this accurately in their work. Humanism shaped the art of the High Renaissance period through a change in architectural style and content; subject matter of paintings and sculptors; and a difference in the anatomical structure and proportions of man. People became important and an appreciation for human life fell apparent through a range of art where human history and perspective was no longer considered sinful, but was explored multiple mythological traditions. Paintings began to depict Roman or Greek deities. Biblical figures no longer subjugated artworks with height and proportion, but became equal to man. Sculptors began creating humanist characters that were strong and noble, architects began referring to classical and ancient antiquity for new innovation towards humanist architecture The freedom of thought and self expression was at its highest.